Observed Ecological Communities Are Formed by Species Combinations That Are among the Most Likely to Persist under Changing Environments

Food Taxes: How Likely Are Likely Effects?

Sparse Representations Are Most Likely to Be the Sparsest Possible

Given a signal S ∈ RN and a full rank matrix D ∈ RN×L with N < L, we define the signal’s overcomplete representations as all α ∈ RL satisfying S = Dα. Among all the possible solutions, we have special interest in the sparsest one – the one minimizing ‖α‖0. Previous work has established that a representation is unique if it is sparse enough, requiring ‖α‖0 < Spark(D)/2. The measure Spark(D) stan...

Cannibalistic tadpoles that pose the greatest threat to kin are most likely to discriminate kin

Inclusive ¢tness theory predicts that altruism should often be directed towards reproductive relatives, but it is unclear whether individuals that are most likely to help or harm relatives are also most likely to identify kin in the ¢rst place. Here I show that species and sibships of spadefoot toad tadpoles (Spea bombifrons and S. multiplicata) that were most likely to produce an environmental...

food taxes: how likely are likely effects?

Natural image profiles are most likely to be step edges

We introduce Geometric Texton Theory (GTT), a theory of categorical visual feature classification that arises through consideration of the metamerism that affects families of co-localised linear receptive-field operators. A refinement of GTT that uses maximum likelihood (ML) to resolve this metamerism is presented. We describe a method for discovering the ML element of a metamery class by analy...